Ongororo ye cosmos yakanyoresa kufambira mberi kwakakosha nekushanda kwe Tianwen-1 probe muMartian orbit. Midziyo yemuchadenga yakawana marekodhi ekuona epamusoro-soro e3I/ATLAS, mutumbi wemuchadenga uyo wakabva kunze kwegadziriro yedu yepuraneti wakanga watosimbiswa nenyanzvi dzenyeredzi.
Chiitiko ichi chakaitika panguva yekusvika kwechinhu kuPlaneta Vermelho, pachinhambwe chinofungidzirwa pamamiriyoni makumi matatu emakiromita. Esta mucherechedzo unomiririra rekodhi rekutanga remifananidzo yemushanyi kubva kune imwe nyeredzi inotorwa kubva mukutenderera kwepasi kunze kweTerra.
Ruzivo rwakatorwa neChinese tekinoroji inopa data risati ramboitika kunharaunda yesainzi yepasirese. Iyo yemifananidzo inobvumira kuongororwa kwakadzama kweiyo trajectory, chimiro chemuviri uye hunhu hune simba hwechinhu chiri muvacuum yenzvimbo.
Tekinoroji ruzivo rwekushanda kwemifananidzo munzvimbo
Kutora mifananidzo kwaida kugadziriswa kwakaoma kwezviridzwa zviri pabhodhi probe. Iyo HiRIC yakakwirira-resolution kamera, yakaiswa pane chikuru chimiro, yaive nechinangwa chekutanga chekugadzira mepu yakamira uye yakavhenekerwa pamusoro pevhu reMartian.
Kuti ukwanise kuronda chinangwa chine humiro hwakadzikiswa uye kupenya kusinganzwisisike, mainjiniya aifanira kurongazve masisitimu ekutevera emishini. Chinhu chaifamba nekukasira muchadenga, izvo zvaida kuomesesa trajectory simulations kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti malenzi ainongedzwa pazvirongwa chaizvo panguva chaiyo.
Chikwata chehunyanzvi chakagonesa nguva yekuratidzwa kwekamera kune zvikamu zvipfupi zvesekondi. Essa gadziriso yaive yakakosha kudzivirira kumhanya kweyedenga orbital kukonzeresa kukanganisa mumifananidzo, kuve nechokwadi chekupinza kunodiwa pakutorwa kwedata resainzi. Iyo nzira yakaratidza kuchinjika kwesoftware yendege uye kukurumidza kupindura kugona kwenzvimbo yekutonga muPequim pamberi pezvinangwa zvine simba zvisati zvaonekwa muchikamu chekutanga chemishoni.
Hunhu hwemuviri hwemuviri wedenga
Mifananidzo yakagadziridzwa ne Administração Espacial Nacional ye China inoratidza hwaro hwakasimba hunoumbwa nedombo nechando. Zviyero zvinoratidza kuti chimiro chepakati chinenge makiromita 5.6 muhupamhi.
Iyo nucleus inoratidzika yakakomberedzwa necoma gobvu, inoumbwa nemakore egasi neguruva zvidimbu zvinotambanuka kwezviuru zvemakiromita. Muswe wechinhu chacho wakasvika makiromita anodarika 56 000 pakureba, uchinongedzera kwakatarisana nemwaranzi yezuva.
Kushanda pamwe chete kwemasangano emuchadenga
Kupfuura kwe3I/ATLAS kwakagadzira kuunganidzwa kwakarongeka pakati penzvimbo dzakasiyana dzekutsvagira pasirese. Agência Espacial Europeia yakaraira zviridzwa zve Mars Express probe kutarisa chiitiko.
Mudziyo weExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter wakashandiswawo kuzadzisa zvinoonekwa kubva kumakona ejometri akasiyana. Essa kusiyana kwemaonero kunobatsira mukuvaka matatu-dimensional modhi dzegasi basa.
North America space agency yakatora chikamu mumushandirapamwe neMars Reconnaissance Orbiter, ichimisikidza kamera yeHiRISE kuitira kurekodha kwepamusoro-soro. Pasi, Perseverance rover yakaedza kuedza kutora kubva pamusoro peMarte.
Iyo Hope probe, inotungamirirwa neEmirados Árabes Unidos, uye MAVEN mission yakapa imwe data ye spectrometric. Muchinjikwa-referencing ruzivo urwu runonatsa maverengero eorbital uye masimba asiri egiravhiti anokanganisa chinhu.
Matambudziko ekushanda nekutaurirana
Chinhambwe chemakiromita emamiriyoni makumi maviri nemapfumbamwe pakati pekuferefeta uye chinangwa chakaisa zvipingamupinyi zvakakomba zvechikwata chekutonga. Nyanzvi dzaida kuverenga gadziriso dzechinangwa panguva imwe chete dzakafunga kumhanya kwekufamba kweTianwen-1 uye hyperbolic trajectory yechinhu cheinterstellar. Kudzikama kwekupisa kwemaoptical sensors kwaida kugara uchitarisisa kudzivirira kushanduka kwetembiricha kubva pakusvibisa kunaka kwemifananidzo yakatorwa munzvimbo yakadzika.
Kutumira mapaketi edata kubva kuMartian orbit kune antenna anogashira paTerra kwakaumba chimwe chikamu chakakosha chekushanda. Iwo mafaera edhijitari akafambiswa muzvidimbu akatsemuka uye akazogadzirwazve neakasarudzika software, zvichikonzera kutevedzana kwehupenyu hwekufamba kwemuviri wedenga. Maitiro akaedza huwandu hwehurefu hwehurefu hwekutaurirana network uye yakasimbisa autonomous navigation protocols.
Nhoroondo yezvinhu zviri kunze kwezuva
3I/ATLAS inorongedzerwa seyechitatu mutumbi wekudenga wakasimbiswa kupinda muhurongwa hwedu hwemapuraneti kubva munzvimbo yepasirese. Ele inotevera kuwanikwa kwenhoroondo kwa’Oumuamua, yakanyorwa muna 2017, uye 2I/Borisov, yakaonekwa nemateresikopu epasi muna 2019.
Tekinoroji kufambira mberi kweChina mishoni
Chirongwa chekuChina chemuchadenga chabatanidza kuvepo kwacho mukuongorora kwenyika kubva pakatanga basa iri muna Chikunguru 2020. Kusvika muorbit muna Kukadzi 2021 uye kumhara kwakazotevera kweZhurong rover pabani Utopia Planitia kwakapa huwandu hukuru hwe data ye geological uye atmospheric. Iyo orbiter yakachengetedza kushanda kwayo kuzere mushure mekupedza zvinangwa zvayo zvekutanga zvemepu yepasirese, ichiibvumira kuita madhiraivha akaomarara akadai sekuona kukurumidza kufambisa zvinangwa. The orbital platform inoramba ichishanda nekutarisa kuongorora polar ice caps uye simba remhepo dutu rinokanganisa mhepo yepasi, kuve nechokwadi chekuenderera mberi kweruzivo rwesainzi.
Gadziriro yezviunganidzo zvemienzaniso yeramangwana
Kubudirira mukugadzirisa zviridzwa zvekutarisa chinhu kunosimbisa matekinoroji ekufambisa anozoshandiswa mumamishini anotevera. Iko kurongeka kwakaratidzwa muorbital calculations inoshanda sehwaro hwekuvandudzwa kweautonomous approach systems.
Tianwen-2 mission ichashandisa nzira dzakafanana kubata asteroids pedyo neTerra uye kuunganidza zvinhu. Kuziva aya maitiro ekushanda kunowedzera kugona kuongorora miviri midiki uye isina kujairika munzvimbo.
Spectral data uye chimiro chemakemikari
Kuongorora kwekutanga kweiyo data yakatorwa kunoratidza kuvepo kwakakosha kweaizi yemvura uye kabhoni dhaimoni muchimiro chechinhu. Masensa akawonawo masiginecha emakemikari anonongedzera kune kuvepo kwecarbon monoxide mukuumbwa kwayo.
Iyo sublimation yezvinhu izvi, inotungamirwa nemwaranzi yezuva, inogadzira chiitiko chakanyanya chinocherechedzwa chakatenderedza dombo. Chinhu chaifamba nekumhanya kwemakiromita makumi mashanu nemasere pasekondi mukati menguva yekubuda kwegasi kukuru.
Kugadziriswa kwemakemikari uku kunoratidza kuti mutumbi wekudenga wakaumbwa munzvimbo ine tembiricha yakaderera zvakanyanya muhurongwa hwenyeredzi hwepamba. Kudzidza kwezvinhu izvi kunopa kongiri zviratidzo pamusoro pemamiriro emuviri aripo mune protoplanetary disks ari mune dzimwe nzvimbo dze Via Láctea.
Kugadziriswa kwemifananidzo uye kufamba
Kugadzirira rekodhi yemifananidzo kwakatanga mwedzi isati yasvika, pachishandiswa zvinongedzo zvinopihwa nenzvimbo dzekutarisa dzakaiswa paTerra. Iyo yepasi-yakavakirwa data yakabvumira mainjiniya kutsanangura chaizvo mahwindo ekutarisa ekuita sensor activation.
Real-time image processing yakavandudza probe’s visual pattern recognition algorithms. Basa rinoshanda rinosimbisa zvigadziriso zvesoftware zvinodikanwa kune ramangwana rekupinda munzvimbo dziri kure dzeiyo planetary system.
Kukosha kweiyo astrometry chaiyo
Iyo chaiyo astrometry yakashandiswa panguva yechiitiko chemifananidzo inoisa mwero mutsva wekuyera zvinzvimbo uye mafambiro emitumbi yedenga kubva kumapuratifomu ekutenderera. Iko kugona kuona izvo zvakanangwa zvinorongeka zvine chekuita nekumashure kwenyeredzi dziri kure zvinobvumira vaongorori kuti vaverenge iyo hyperbolic orbit ine yakanyanya kuderedzwa margin yekukanganisa. Masimba asiri egiravhiti, akadai sokukwidziridzwa kunokonzerwa nekubuda kwejeti dzegasi kubva mugotsi, zvinoshandura nenzira yemanomano gwara rekutanga rechinhu. Kuramba uchitarisa kusiyana uku kubva panzvimbo yakadzika munzvimbo yakadzika kunobvisa kukanganisa kwemuchadenga kunobata materesikopu epasi, zvichikonzera dhatabheti yenyeredzi yehutsanana husati hwamboitika hwekuenzanisira kwepanyama kwevashanyi venyeredzi.
Mafambiro endege uye kudzora mafungiro
Iyo probe maitiro ekudzora akaita basa rekuona mukudzikamisa lenzi panguva dzakaoma dzekuratidzwa. Iwo madhiraivha ekufambisa akaenderera mberi ma micro-adjustments kubhadhara chero mechanic vibration inogadzirwa nekushanda kwemukati masisitimu. Kuchengeta kunongedza kwakakwana kunoda kuwiriranisa kwakazara pakati peiyo onboard gyroscopes uye yepakati navigation komputa.
Kuita ma maneuver aya munzvimbo ine microgravity uye pasi peyakanyanya cosmic mwaranzi inoratidza kusimba kwezvikamu zvehardware zvakagadzirirwa mishoni. Kusakara kwechisikigo uye kubvaruka kwemidziyo mushure memakore ekushanda muchadenga hakuna kukanganisa kugona kunodiwa pakutevera, zvichisimbisa kushanda kweinjiniya mapuroteni akaiswa mukuvandudzwa kwepuratifomu yeorbital.
