Uphenyo lwe-NASA lwe-DART, olwashayisana ngamabomu ne-asteroid Dimorphos ngo-September 2022, lunikeze ubufakazi obubonakalayo obuqondile bokuthi ama-asteroids kumasistimu kanambambili ashintshana ngokubalulekile. I-Imagens ethwetshulwe ikhamera ye-DRACO yophenyo iveze amaphethini ebhande agqamile ebusweni be-Dimorphos. Amaphethini angu-Esses avele ngemva kokucubungula ukuze kuqedwe izithunzi nokuhluka kokukhanya. I-Cientistas ihlonze ukuthi isenzakalo siphumela ekushayisaneni kwesivinini esiphansi, uma kuqhathaniswa namabhola eqhwa e-cosmic aqaliswe ku-Didymos kuya kumngane wawo omncane.
Umthelela we-DART uguqule ukuzungeza kwe-Dimorphos eduze kuka-Didymos emaminithini angu-33, okuqinisekisa ukuba nokwenzeka kwesu lokushintsha kwe-kinetic. Isistimu kanambambili, ene-Didymos cishe amamitha angu-780 ububanzi kanye no-Dimorphos cishe amamitha angu-160 ububanzi, imele imodeli evamile phakathi kwama-asteroid aseduze ne-Terra. Ukukhishwa kwezinto ngesikhathi somthelela kukhiphe izigidi zamakhilogremu amatshe nothuli. Ukukhishwa kwe-Essa kube nomthelela ekwenyukeni komfutho cishe kokubili, okuphinda kabili umphumela womthelela we-probe.
Amaphethini aqashwe ebusweni be-Dimorphos
Amabhendi amise okwefeni ebusweni be-Dimorphos abonisa amadiphozithi avela ku-Didymos. Ukucutshungulwa kwesithombe kulungisiwe imiphumela yokukhanyisa nezithunzi ezijikijelwa amatshe. Amaphethini aqukethe izimpawu ezicashile ezihambisana nomthelela wamandla aphansi.
Ososayensi abavela ku-Universidade kanye ne-Maryland bahole ekuhlaziyeni futhi baqinisekisa ukuhambisana nezivinini zokushayisana eduze kuka-30.7 cm/s. Experimentos amalabhorethri anesanti namatshe aphinde akhiqiza amadiphozithi afanayo ngaphandle kokwakhiwa kwe-crater.
Umphumela we-YORP uqhuba ukukhishwa kwezinto
Umphumela we-YORP, obangelwa imisebe yelanga namandla okushisa, usheshisa ukujikeleza kwama-asteroids. Essa ukusheshisa kukhiqiza amandla amaphakathi akhipha amatshe nothuli ebusweni be-Didymos. I-Parte yalokhu okubalulekile ilandela izindlela eziholela emithelela ethambile ku-Dimorphos.
Ukutholwa kumelela ubufakazi bokuqala obubonakalayo bokuthuthwa kwezinto zakamuva ezinhlelweni kanambambili. Modelos isekela ngekhompyutha ukwakheka kwalawa maphethini ngokushayisana kwesivinini esiphansi.
Imithelela yezinhlelo ze-asteroid kanambambili
Amasistimu afana ne-Didymos-Dimorphos akha cishe u-15% wama-asteroid aseduze ne-Terra. Ukuhwebelana okuqhubekayo kwezinto kunomthelela ekuguqukeni komhlaba ngaphezu kwezigidi zeminyaka. Izinqubo ze-Esses zilungisa kabusha ubujamo nokwakheka kwemizimba.
Ukukhonjwa kwamadiphozithi ku-Dimorphos kuphakamisa amandla amakhulu kulawa masistimu kunalokho obekucatshangwa ngaphambilini. Estudos amamodeli wesikhathi esizayo angase alungise ukwakheka nokuziphatha okuzungezisayo.
Intuthuko ekuvikelweni kweplanethi
Imishini ye-DART ihlole indlela yokuchezukisa ama-asteroid ngomthelela we-kinetic. Ukukhishwa okubonwe ngesikhathi sokushayisana kwandise ukuqonda kwesici sokwanda komfutho. Esses idatha isiza ukuthuthukisa amasu ngokumelene nezinsongo ezingaba khona.
Ucwaningo olwengeziwe luhlanganisa ukuqaphela ukuthuthukisa ukulingisa komthelela. Isu libonisa ukusebenza okusebenzayo ekushintsheni ama-trajectories.
Imininingwane yobuchwepheshe yezithombe ezicutshunguliwe
Ukucubungula kuhilela ukulungiswa kwe-albedo ukuze kugqanyiswe ukuhluka okucashile endaweni. Ama-streaks avela njengamaphethini abalandeli ahambisana nama-trajectories ezinhlayiya ezikhishiwe. I-Análises ikhiphe ama-artifact ekhamera noma ukukhanya okungalingani.
Imiphumela ishicilelwe ku-The Planetary Science Journal. Ithimba ligqamise ukubaluleka kwezithombe ezinokulungiswa okuphezulu ukuze kutholwe izenzakalo ezihlukile.
Ukuqhathanisa nokukhishwa komthelela we-DART
Umthelela we-probe ukhiqize ukukhishwa okukhulu kwemfucumfucu ngesivinini esikhulu. Ngokuphambene, ukushintshana kwemvelo kwenzeka ngesivinini esincane kakhulu. Amamaki ku-Dimorphos aphuma ezinqubweni ezihamba kancane kancane hhayi emcimbini wango-2022.
Ukuqaphela okwengeziwe ngezibonakude ezifana ne-Hubble kulandele amadwala akhishwe ngesivinini esingaba ngu-1 km/h. Esses idatha iqinisa umehluko phakathi kwezinqubo zemvelo nezokwenziwa.
