I-ejensi yasemkhathini yaseNyakatho Melika iqede ngempumelelo ukunyakaza kwerokhethi enkulu i-Space Launch System kanye nomkhumbi-mkhathi Orion emuva ukuze kwethulwe i-pad 39B, etholakala ku-Centro Espacial Kennedy, ku-Flórida. Umsebenzi wezokuthutha onzima uqale ngoLwesine ebusuku, ngesikhathi sendawo, futhi uthathe cishe amahora ayi-12 angaphazamiseki omsebenzi wezobuchwepheshe okhethekile.
Onjiniyela nochwepheshe baqaphe wonke umzila ongamakhilomitha angu-6.5 ukuya kumilimitha ukuze baqinisekise ubuqotho besakhiwo senkimbinkimbi, enesisindo esingamathani angu-5,000. Lesi sinyathelo sokucophelela size ngokushesha ngemva kokuphothulwa kokulungiswa okubalulekile kwesistimu ye-helium yemoto, okuyisinyathelo esibalulekile ekuqhubekiseni isimiso esimisiwe sokusebenza somsebenzi we-orbital.
Amaqembu aphansi manje aqondisa ukugxila okugcwele ekwenzeni izivivinyo zokugcina ezihlanganisiwe, eziqinisekisa ukulungela okuphelele kwazo zonke izingxenyekazi zendiza. Iwindi eliyinhloko lokwethulwa kwalesi sigaba esiyingqopha-mlando sokuhlola indawo lihlelelwe ukuvulwa ngokusemthethweni ngomhla ka-1 Ephreli.
Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ezizayo, ochwepheshe bazokwenza amasheke aqinile kuphedi lokuqalisa, okuhlanganisa:
– Inspeção qedela ukuxhumana kagesi phakathi kwerokhethi nekhepsuli
– Testes yokuqondanisa komshini ngokuqondile kusakhiwo seplathifomu 39B
– Confirmação yobuqotho besistimu yokuhlinzeka nge-propellant
– Análise isihlangu sokushisa esinemininingwane sokugcina se-Orion
Ukubuyiswa kwemoto ngemva kokulungiswa kobuchwepheshe
Ukuqondisa kabusha kumele intuthuko ebalulekile yobuchwepheshe ohlelweni lwendiza ngemva kokuhlonza izithiyo zokusebenza. Inkinga ethile ngokugeleza kwe-helium, etholwe amaqembu aqaphayo ekupheleni kukaFebruwari, yayidinga ukubuyiselwa ngokushesha kwerokhethi esakhiweni sokuhlanganisa izimoto.
Ochwepheshe abakhethekile benze ukuhlola okuningiliziwe kwesakhiwo sangaphakathi futhi bashintsha izingxenye ezidingekayo bafaka ukuhlinzwa okunembayo. Essa ukungenelela okusheshayo nangempumelelo kuvumele okokusebenza ukuthi kuthuthwe ngokuphephile endaweni yesikhulumi, kugcinwe usuku lokuqalisa olusungulwe ekuqaleni kwenyanga ezayo.
Izivumelwano zokuhlukaniswa kwezisebenzi
Iqembu elisemthethweni elijutshwe kulo mkhankaso lingene zivalweni eqinile edolobheni i-Houston ngoLwesithathu olwedlule. Le nqubo ilandela umthetho olandelwayo wezokwelapha ojwayelekile futhi oqinile owasungulwa emashumini eminyaka adlule kuwo wonke amamishini enziwa abantu, okuhloswe ngawo ukuvikela ngokuphelele impilo yabahambi basemkhathini.
Osomkhathi abane abakhethelwe uhambo – Reid Wiseman, Victor Glover, Christina Koch kanye no-Jeremy Hansen – bahlala behlukene ngokuphelele nomphakathi wangaphandle. Inhloso eyinhloko yalesi sinyathelo sokuvimbela ukunciphisa ingozi yokungcoliswa ama-pathogenic agents ku-zero ezinsukwini ngaphambi kokugibela i-capsule.
Isikhathi sokuvalelwa siphinde sisetshenziselwe ukubuyekezwa okuqhubekayo kwezincwadi zendiza kanye nezinqubo eziphuthumayo. Amalungu eqembu agcina isimiso sokujima okuthile ngokomzimba kanye nemihlangano ebonakalayo yansuku zonke nabaqondisi bezindiza nonjiniyela bezinhlelo abanomthwalo wemfanelo wokulawula umgomo.
Amawindi ethuba lendiza ye-orbital
Umzamo wokuqala wokwethulwa ngokusemthethweni uhlelelwe ngokunembile u-April 1, ngo-6:24 pm, kucatshangelwa indawo yesikhathi yasendaweni yesifunda se-Flórida. Izimo zezulu kanye nemingcele ye-orbital ye-Lua ibeka izikhathi eziqondile i-rocket engakwazi ukuyishiya ngokuphepha iphedi.
Esimeni sezehlakalo zesimo sezulu esingalindelekile noma okudidayo kwezobuchwepheshe ngomzuzu wokugcina, abalawuli bemishini banamanye amawindi okuqalisa abaliwe kakade. Essas Amathuba esibili avela ngezinsuku ezilandelanayo, anwebeka kuze kube ngu-April 6, okuqinisekisa ukuguquguquka kokusebenza kwethimba lomyalo.
Ithuba elengeziwe nelikude kakhulu ekhalendeni ligcinelwe umhla zingama-30 kuMbasa, uma kwenzeka imoto idinga ukuhlolwa okubanzi. Ukusetha lezi zinsuku eziningi kuvimbela ingcindezi eyeqile emaqenjini onjiniyela ngesikhathi sokubala wehla kokugcina.
Ingqikithi yesikhathi esilindelekile sohambo lwasemkhathini cishe yizinsuku eziyi-10, lapho umkhumbi-mkhathi uzokwenza umzila we-lunar flyby trajectory ngokubuya mahhala. Iphrofayela yendiza ye-Esse isebenzisa amandla adonsela phansi ukusuka ku-Lua ukuze iqhubekisele ikhepisi libuyele ku-Terra ngaphandle kwesidingo sokudubula isikhathi eside kwezinjini ezinkulu.
Ukuqinisekiswa kwezinhlelo endaweni ejulile
Ngesikhathi sabo besemkhathini, osomkhathi bazokwenza ukuhlola okuningi okwenziwa ngesandla nokuzenzakalelayo kwawo wonke amasistimu abalulekile kumkhumbi-mkhathi Orion. Inhloso eyinhloko yalolu hambo ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwangempela kwerokhethi kanye ne-capsule endaweni ejulile yasemkhathini, ukubeka okokusebenza emazingeni adlulele emisebe nokuhlukahluka kokushisa okungenakuphindwa ngokuphelele kumalabhorethri asemhlabeni. Ukuqoqa idatha ye-telemetry eqhubekayo kuzohlinzeka ngolwazi olubalulekile mayelana nokuziphatha kwezinto zokufakelwa kanye nezinhlelo zokuxhumana ezikude.
Impumelelo ephelele yalesi sigaba sokuhlola esingokoqobo iyimfuneko okungaxoxiswana nayo ngaphambi kokugunyazwa kwemishini yesikhathi esizayo ezobandakanya ukufika okusebenzayo endaweni yenyanga. Onjiniyela abasekela impilo bazohlola ukusebenza kwezihlanzi zomoya ezingaphakathi, amasistimu okulawula umswakama kanye nokuphathwa kwemfucuza. I-Cada I-orbital maneuver eyenziwa izisebenzi izofakazela ukusabela kwabasunduzi besimo sengqondo, iqinisekise ukuthi umkhumbi-mkhathi ungalawuleka ngokunemba kwemilimitha phakathi nezigaba ezibucayi zokusondela kanye nokungena kabusha emkhathini womhlaba.
Umlando wezithiyo zobuchwepheshe uxazululiwe
Uhlelo olusha lokuthuthukiswa kwezimoto zokwethulwa lubhekane nezingqinamba eziningi zonjiniyela ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ezedlule zokulungiselela okunzulu. I-Além yenkinga yakamuva ekhonjwe emigqeni ye-helium, ukuvuza okuqhubekayo kwe-hydrogen ewuketshezi kwaze kwaphazamisa nokuhlolwa kokuphehla uphethiloli phakathi nokuhlolwa kwamanzi okuvamile okwenziwa ngaphambilini endaweni yesikhulumi. Ukuze kuncishiswe ngokuqinisekile lezi zingozi eziqhubekayo, i-ejensi yasemkhathini yashintsha isethi eyinkimbinkimbi yamavalvu okuvala futhi yenza ukuhlaziya okubanzi kokukhathala kuyo yonke ingqalasizinda yamapayipi e-cryogenic. Essas ukulungiswa kwesakhiwo kudinga isikhathi somsebenzi esengeziwe esibalulekile ehholo lomhlangano, okuholele ekuhlehlisweni kokwethulwa obekuhlelelwe uMashi. Ukubaluleka kwabaphathi bohlelo kwahlala kungantengantengi ekuqinisekiseni ukuphepha kwezisebenzi kanye nokuqinisekisa ukwethembeka kokusebenza kwemoto yokwethulwa enamandla kakhulu eyake yathuthukiswa emlandweni wokuhlola umkhathi, izinjini zayo eziyinhloko ezikhiqiza izigidi zamaphawundi okucindezela ngesikhathi somlilo.
Ukuqeqeshwa okuqhubekayo kwamaqembu aphansi
Ngenkathi ithimba ligcina ukuhlukaniswa ngokwezempilo, amaqembu aphansi enza ukulingisa kokugcina kuma-consoles womyalo ukuze axhumanise zonke izigaba zokuqalisa nokundiza. Abalawuli baqeqesha izimpendulo ezisheshayo kumakhulu ezimo ezididayo ezingaba khona, kusukela ekuhlulekeni kokuxhumana kuya ekuguquguqukeni kwengcindezi emathangeni aphehlayo, okuqinisekisa ukulungela okugcwele kosuku lokusuka.
Amalungiselelo okugcina esikhungweni sesikhala
Ukudluliselwa okusemthethweni kosomkhathi endaweni ye-Kennedy Space Center kuzokwenzeka ezinsukwini ezingaphambi kokuvulwa kwewindi lokuqalisa. Ukuthutha kuzokwenziwa ngaphansi kokuvikeleka okuqinile kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwebhayoloji, kusetshenziswa izindiza ezikhethekile ezivela emkhunjini kahulumeni ukugwema noma yikuphi ukuxhumana okungafunwa ngaphandle.
Lo mkhankaso uphawula ngokusemthethweni indiza yokuqala ephethwe umuntu yesistimu edidiyelwe, ivula isigaba esisha samakhono okuthutha abantu ngale kokuzungeza komhlaba okuphansi. Idatha eqoqwe amalungu amane ezisebenzi ngesikhathi sokuqondisa kwe-orbital izovula indlela yezobuchwepheshe kanye nokusebenza ekusunguleni ukuba khona komuntu okuqhubekayo emzileni wenyanga eminyakeni ezayo.
