Izazi zezinkanyezi ezivela ku-Nasa kanye nezikhungo zamazwe ngamazwe ziqinisekisile ukuthi i-asteroid 2024 YR4 ayisavezi noma yimaphi amathuba okungqubuzana ne-Lua ngo-December 2032. Into, etholwe ekupheleni kuka-2024, i-orbit yayo yalungiswa ngokubhekwa okusha kokunemba okuphezulu. Isibuyekezo se-Essa sisusa ngokuphelele ubungozi basekuqaleni obulinganiselwa ku-4%.
I-asteroid ikala phakathi kwamamitha angu-40 no-90 ububanzi, usayizi oqhathaniswa nowesakhiwo esiphakathi nendawo. I-Ele ingeyesigaba sezinto eziseduze ne-Terra futhi iye yagadwa njalo kusukela ikhonjwa. Ukuhlaziya kwakamuva kubonisa ukuthi indikimba yasezulwini izodlula ngaphezu kwamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingama-20 ukusuka endaweni yenyanga.
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Ukuqapha ngezibonakude ezithuthukisiwe kuchaza umzila omusha
Ukubuka okwenziwa nge-James Webb yesibonakude sasemkhathini kube negalelo elikhulu ekuthuthukisweni kwezibalo ze-orbital. Especialistas kusuka ku-Centro kusuka ku-Estudos kusuka ku-Objetos Próximos kuya ku-Terra kusuka
Le datha yenze kwaba nokwenzeka ukungafaki noma yikuphi ukushayisana ne-Lua. Le nqubo yayihilela ukusebenzisana phakathi kwezindawo ezimbalwa zokubuka izinto zasemkhathini nasemkhathini. Ukunemba okuzuziwe manje kuqinisekisa ukuthi i-2024 YR4 izolandela umkhondo ophephile.
Imininingwane mayelana nosayizi nezici ze-asteroid
I-asteroid 2024 YR4 inobubanzi obuguquguqukayo ngokuya ngezilinganiso zakamuva, ezisukela phakathi kwamamitha angama-40 kuya kwangu-90. Essa ukuhluka kuvela ezindleleni ezihlukene zokubheka ezisetshenziswa entweni.
Ososayensi baqhathanisa ubukhulu baso nesakhiwo sokuhlala esinezitezi ezingu-10 kuya kwezingu-15. Indikimba yasezulwini ayibeki usongo oluqondile ku-Terra, njengoba i-orbit yayo ebuyekeziwe iqeda noma yikuphi ukuvela kwendlela eyingozi emhlabeni.
Izazi zezinkanyezi ziyaqhubeka nokulandelela i-asteroid ukuze zithuthukise amamodeli okuqagela. Essa ukuzijwayeza kuyingxenye yohlelo lokuvikela iplanethi olunakekelwa ama-ejensi asemkhathini. Ukuqapha okuqhubekayo kusiza ukuhlukanisa izingozi zangempela kusukela kuzixwayiso zangaphambi kwesikhathi ezivame ukutholwa kamuva.
Imibono yesayensi mayelana nomthelela ongaba khona wenyanga
Uma umthelela wenzekile, ukungqubuzana bekuzokhiqiza i-crater cishe ikhilomitha elilodwa ububanzi endaweni engu-Lua. Amandla akhishiwe azolingana nama-megaton ambalwa e-TNT.
Umcimbi uzokhiqiza ukukhanya okubonakalayo kwe-Terra imizuzwana embalwa ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanele zokubhekwa. I-Detritos ejecta ingase yakhe imvula yesikhashana ye-meteor, enezinhlayiya ezincane ezifika emkhathini womhlaba phakathi nezinsuku noma amasonto.
Ochwepheshe bagqamisa ukuthi umthelela walokhu bukhulu awuvamile ukwenzeka ku-Lua esikalini sesikhathi somuntu. Ukutadisha umcimbi onjalo kunganikeza idatha ebalulekile ekwakhekeni kwe-crater kanye namandla okukhishwa kwenyanga.
Kodwa-ke, wonke lawa mathuba akhishwe ngokulungiswa kwe-orbital okusanda kuqedwa.
Imithelela yokuvikela iplanethi nokubuka umkhathi
Icala le-asteroid 2024 YR4 libonisa ukubaluleka kwezibuyekezo eziqhubekayo ekubalweni kwe-trajectory. Agências isikhala sitshala kubuchwepheshe obufana ne-James Webb ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukutholwa nokulandelela izinto eziseduze.
Le mizamo inomthelela ekwakhiweni kwamasu okuvikela iplanethi, okuhlanganisa nemishini yokuhlola efana ne-DART eyenziwa yi-Nasa. Isiqephu sigcizelela ukuthi izexwayiso zokuqala zivamile nokuthi ukuqaphela okwengeziwe kuvame ukunciphisa noma ukuqeda izingozi.
Izazi zezinkanyezi ezivela emazweni ahlukene zibambe iqhaza emzamweni wokuqapha ohlanganyelwe. Ukungafihli kudatha eyabiwe kuvumela umphakathi wesayensi womhlaba ukuthi ulandele inqubo ngesikhathi sangempela.
Indima ephephile iqinisekisa intuthuko ekulandeleleni umkhathi
Isiqinisekiso sokuthi u-2024 YR4 uzodlula kude ku-Lua simele enye impumelelo kusistimu yokugada into yasemkhathini. I-Cientistas ibuyekeza imizila yezinkulungwane zama-asteroid akukhathalogi nsuku zonke.
Lo msebenzi oqhubekayo wehlisa ukungaqiniseki futhi uvumela ukugxila ezimweni ezifuna ukunakwa ngempela. I-asteroid izoqhubeka nokubhekwa emikhankasweni yesikhathi esizayo yokwenza imephu umgudu wayo wesikhathi eside.
Ukungabikho kwengozi yenyanga kususa noma yikuphi ukuqagela mayelana nemiphumela engemihle ku-Terra noma ohambweni lwamanje lwasemkhathini. Isiqephu sisebenza njengesibonelo esisebenzayo samakhono amanje okubikezela i-orbital.
