Suprema Corte ya Estados Unidos yatenga chigamulo Lachiwiri lino chomwe chimapereka njira yowunikiranso lamulo la Colorado lomwe limaletsa ma psychotherapist kupereka chithandizo chodziwika ngati kutembenuka mtima kwa ana. Khotilo linasintha chigamulo chimene khoti laling’ono linagamula ndipo linalamula kuti pakhale ndondomeko yokhwimitsa zinthu mogwirizana ndi mfundo za boma. Mlanduwo unali wokhudza mlangizi wachikristu yemwe anali ndi chilolezo amene anatsutsa lamuloli ponena kuti likuphwanya ufulu wolankhula wotetezedwa ndi Primeira Emenda.
Chigamulocho chinabwera ndi mavoti a 8-1, ndi mavoti otsogola ochokera kwa woweruza wosasunga malamulo Neil Gorsuch. Oweruzawo analamula makhoti ang’onoang’ono kuti awunikenso lamulo la Colorado potsatira kuunika kwakukulu komwe kunaperekedwa mu Primeira Emenda. posachedwapa.
- Counselor Kaley Chiles ananena kuti lamulolo limayang’anira zolankhula potengera malingaliro omwe adawonetsedwa pamisonkhano.
- Boma la Purezidenti Donald Trump lidawonetsa kuthandizira kutsutsa ulamuliro wa boma.
- Woweruza Ketanji Brown Jackson ndiye yekhayo yemwe adasiyana ndi ambiri omwe amatsatira malamulo.
Ufulu wolankhula motsutsana ndi chitetezo cha thanzi la ana
Lamulo Colorado, lomwe linasainidwa kukhala lamulo mu 2019 ndi Bwanamkubwa Jared Polis, linaletsa opereka chithandizo chamaganizo omwe ali ndi chilolezo kuti ayese kusintha maganizo okhudzana ndi kugonana kapena kugonana kwa odwala osapitirira zaka 18. mawu. Boma linkaona kuti kuchita zimenezi n’kosathandiza komanso kungawononge thanzi la achinyamata.
Bwanamkubwa wa demokalase, mwamuna woyamba wachiwerewere yemwe adasankhidwa kukhala paudindo m’boma la America, adati akuwunika chigamulo cha khothi. Ele idawonetsa kufunikira koyenera kuteteza achinyamata a LGBT ndikuwonetsetsa kuti ali ndi ufulu wolankhula. Polis idalimbikitsa kuti kutembenuka mtima sikutulutsa zotsatira zotsimikizika ndipo kungayambitse vuto lalikulu kwa omwe akutenga nawo mbali.
Mkangano walamulo udasokoneza ulamuliro wa boma kuti ulamulire machitidwe azaumoyo omwe amaganiziridwa kuti ali pachiwopsezo chachitetezo cha malamulo olankhula akatswiri. Colorado ndi gawo la gulu la mayiko opitilira khumi ndi awiri ndi Distrito a Colúmbia omwe atengera zoletsa zofananira kapena zoletsa kwa odwala ang’onoang’ono. Chigamulo cha Suprema Corte sichimasokoneza lamulo, koma chimatsogolera mayeso atsopano omwe ali ndi zofunikira zambiri.
Mfundo zapakati za chigamulo cha khoti
Mtumiki Neil Gorsuch analemba kuti lamulo Colorado si kuletsa kulowererapo kwa thupi, koma censors kulankhula potengera mfundo kutetezedwa ndi akatswiri. Ele adanenanso kuti maboma m’mbiri yonse adawona kuti mfundo zawo ndizofunikira paumoyo wa anthu, koma Primeira Emenda imagwira ntchito ngati chishango pokana kukakamiza zikhulupiriro kapena zolankhula. Lingalirolo likugogomezera kuti mgwirizano wachipatala umasinthanso pakapita nthawi ndipo sungathe kukhazikitsa malire okhazikika pazomwe akatswiri angakambirane m’magawo.
Oweruza ambiri anapeza kuti makhoti ang’onoang’ono sanagwiritse ntchito muyezo wokwanira wounikanso mlanduwo. Ndi kubwerera kwa ndondomekoyi, zikuyembekezeredwa kuti muyezowo udzawunikiridwa mozama kwambiri, zomwe zimakonda kusokoneza kuvomerezeka kwake monga momwe mavoti akuwonetsera. Mlangizi Wachikristuyo analimbikira kuyambira pachiyambi kuti chiletsocho chinadodometsa mosayenerera makambitsirano achire omwe anafunsidwa ndi mabanja ndi odwala.
Wotsutsa yekhayo, woweruza Ketanji Brown Jackson, sanagwirizane ndi kukulitsidwa kwa chitetezo ku ufulu wolankhula muzochitika zaukatswirizi. Ambiri mwa bwalo lamilandu, lopangidwa ndi nduna zisanu ndi imodzi, ndi amene anapambana pofotokoza mmene mlanduwo ukuyendera. Mlanduwu unakhudza kwambiri dziko lonse chifukwa umakhudza kulinganiza pakati pa ufulu wa munthu payekha komanso mphamvu zoyendetsera boma pazachipatala.
Zochita ndi zotsatira za malamulo a boma
Bwanamkubwa Jared Polis adati boma likuyesetsa kupeza njira zomwe zimatetezera bwino achinyamata a LGBT popanda kuphwanya zitsimikiziro zamalamulo ovomerezeka. Ele anachenjeza anthu za kuopsa kwa zizolowezi zomwe zimalonjeza kusintha kwa malingaliro ogonana kapena kudziwika kwa amuna ndi akazi. Chilengezochi chikutsimikizira mbiri yakale ya boma poteteza mfundo zophatikizika za gulu la LGBT.
Chigamulo cha Suprema Corte sichimatanthawuza momveka bwino kuti lamulo la Colorado ndilofunika, koma limakhazikitsa magawo omwe amavomereza kuunikanso mozama. Tribunais otsika ayenera tsopano kuwunika mosamalitsa, muyezo womwe ziletso zochepa zimatha kuthana nazo zikakhudza tsankho potengera zomwe amalankhula. Essa Malangizo atha kukhudzanso njira zofananira m’maiko ena omwe amasunga ziletso.
Akatswiri adzayang’anira chitukuko cha mlanduwu m’miyezi ikubwerayi. Counselor Kaley Chiles adakondwerera zotsatira zake ngati chigonjetso chaufulu wa akatswiri omwe amachita zinthu motsatira zomwe amakonda komanso zopempha za kasitomala. Boma, pansi pa ulamuliro wa Republican, lidapereka chikalata chokomera wodandaulayu panthawi yomwe idachitika.
Nkhani ya lamulo loyambirira la Colorado
Lamulo la boma limaletsa akatswiri omwe ali ndi zilolezo kufunafuna zotsatira zodziwikiratu zosintha zomwe amakonda kapena kuti amuna kapena akazi a ana. Ela idakhudza zoyesayesa zochepetsera kukopeka ndi amuna kapena akazi okhaokha kapena kusintha momwe amaonera jenda ndi machitidwe. Chilangochi chidachitika mu 2019, pomwe bwanamkubwa Polis adateteza muyesowo ngati chitetezo chofunikira ku machitidwe popanda kuthandizidwa ndi sayansi.
Colorado adatsutsa panthawiyi kuti lamuloli limayang’anira khalidwe laukatswiri osati kulankhula koyera, zomwe zingavomereze kuwunika kocheperako. Suprema Corte anakana gululi poganiza kuti choletsacho chinakhudza mwachindunji zomwe zili mu zokambirana pakati pa odwala ndi odwala. Essa Kusiyanitsa kwaukadaulo kunatanthawuza maziko a mkangano wamalamulo woperekedwa kwa nduna.
Chigamulochi chikubwera pa nthawi ya consolidative conservative ambiri m’bwalo lamilandu. Observadores zindikirani kuti chigamulochi chikulimbitsa mchitidwe wokulitsa chitetezo chaufulu wolankhula m’malo mwaukatswiri woyendetsedwa ndi mayiko. Mlandu weniweniwo sukhudzana ndi njira zothandizira odwala, koma zimayang’ana kwambiri pazamankhwala omwe amafunsidwa mwakufuna kwawo.
Tsatanetsatane wa mavoti ambiri
Mtumiki Neil Gorsuch adawonetsa kuti Primeira Emenda imateteza ku zoyesayesa za boma kuti zikhazikitse masomphenya amodzi pamitu yotsutsana. Ele idanenanso kuti Colorado ingaganizire mfundo zake zofunika paumoyo wa anthu, koma adakumbukira kuti maboma owunikira m’mbiri yonse adatengeranso zomwezi. Kusanthulaku kunalimbikitsa kufunikira kosunga msika wamalingaliro kukhala wopanda tanthauzo pakusintha kwa kumvetsetsa kwachipatala ndi sayansi.
Khotilo linabweza mlanduwu kukhoti laling’ono ndi malangizo omveka bwino oti liunikenso bwinobwino. Esse mayendedwe akuwonetsa kukayikira kwakukulu za kupulumuka kwa lamulo momwe lilili pano. Mlangizi wachikristu, woimiridwa ndi bungwe loteteza ufulu wachipembedzo, ananena kuti chiletsocho chimam’lepheretsa kutumikira makasitomala amene akufuna thandizo logwirizana ndi zikhulupiriro zawo.
Kusagwirizana kokhako kunachokera kwa woweruza wopita patsogolo, yemwe anatsutsa za kulemekeza kwambiri mphamvu zoyendetsera boma pa nkhani za thanzi la maganizo a ana. Ambiri adapambana poyika patsogolo kusanthula kwa tsankho lomwe lingakhalepo chifukwa cha malingaliro. Zotsatira za 8-1 zomwe zimagwirizana zikuwonetsa kuyanjana kwakukulu pakati pa nduna zodziyimira pawokha ndi ena mwa owongolera.
Udindo wa bwanamkubwa wa Colorado
Jared Polis adaunika chigamulo cha khothi ndipo adati boma likuyang’ana njira zina zotetezera achinyamata omwe ali pachiwopsezo. Ele idabwerezanso kuti kutembenuka mtima kulibe umboni wogwira mtima ndipo kungayambitse mavuto osatha kwa omwe atenga nawo mbali. Bwanamkubwayo adatsindika kudzipereka ku malo ophatikizana momwe aliyense angakhalire molingana ndi zomwe ali.
Mawu a akuluakulu aboma akuwonetsa kusamvana pakati pa chitetezo chaumoyo wa anthu ndi zitsimikizo zamalamulo zamalamulo. Malo a Autoridades amasanthula zosankha zalamulo ndi malamulo kuti ayankhe kumvetsetsa kwatsopano kwa Suprema Corte.
Chisinthiko cha mkangano wadziko lonse
Mayiko opitilira makumi awiri aku America amasunga zoletsa zofananira pakusintha chithandizo kwa ana. Chigamulo cha Suprema Corte chikhoza kulimbikitsa madandaulo atsopano azamalamulo motsutsana ndi mfundo izi. Cholinga chikadali pa kusiyana pakati pa kuwongolera khalidwe laukatswiri ndi kuwunika zomwe zili munkhani yochizira.
Chigamulochi chikulimbitsa kufunikira kwa Primeira Emenda pazovuta zokhudzana ndi thanzi labwino la achinyamata. Profissionais ya malangizo osiyanasiyana amatsata zomwe zikuchitika kuti asinthe machitidwe molingana ndi malamulo atsopano. Mutuwu ukupitiriza kugawa maganizo pakati pa oteteza ufulu wa anthu ndi magulu omwe amaika patsogolo chitetezo kwa anthu omwe ali pachiopsezo.
