NASA’s DART probe, iyo nemaune yakadhumhana neasteroid Dimorphos munaGunyana 2022, yakapa humbowo hwakananga hwekuti maasteroid mumabhinari masisitimu anochinjana zvinhu. Imagens yakatorwa nekamera yekuferefeta yeDRACO yakaburitsa mabhenji akajeka pamusoro peDimorphos. Esses mapatani akabuda mushure mekugadzirisa kubvisa mimvuri uye kusiyana kwemwenje. Cientistas yakaona kuti chiitiko ichi chinobva mukudhumhana kwakaderera, zvichienzaniswa nemabhora echando emuchadenga akatangwa kubva kuDidymos kuenda kushamwari yawo diki.
Kubata kweDART kwakashandura kutenderera kweDimorphos kutenderedza Didymos mumaminetsi makumi matatu nematatu, zvichisimbisa kugona kwehunyanzvi hwekuchinja kinetic. Iyo binary system, ine Didymos ingangoita 780 metres mudhayamita uye Dimorphos ingangoita 160 metres mudhayamita, inomiririra muenzaniso wakajairika pakati peasteroid pedyo neTerra. Iyo ejection yezvinhu panguva yekukanganisa yakaburitsa mamirioni emakirogiramu ematombo neguruva. Essa kuburitswa kwakabatsira mukuwedzera kwechimwe chinhu chinosvika zviviri, zvichipeta kaviri mhedzisiro yekukanganisa kweprobe.
Mapeteni akaonekwa pamusoro peDimorphos
Mabhendi akaita seFani ari pamusoro peDimorphos anoratidza madhipoziti emidziyo kubva kuDidymos. Kugadziriswa kwemifananidzo kwakagadzirisa mwenje mhedzisiro uye mimvuri yakakandwa nematombo. Iwo mapatani ane mavara akajeka anoenderana nekuderera-simba simba.
Masayendisiti kubva ku Universidade uye Maryland akatungamira ongororo uye akasimbisa kuenderana nekudhumhana kumhanya kwakapoteredza 30.7 cm/s. Experimentos marabhoritari ane jecha nematombo akaburitsazve madhipoziti akafanana pasina kuumbwa kwegomba.
YORP mhedzisiro inotyaira ejection yezvinhu
Iyo YORP mhedzisiro, inokonzerwa nemwaranzi yezuva uye simba rinopisa, inomhanyisa kutenderera kweasteroids. Essa acceleration inogadzira centrifugal forces inoburitsa matombo neguruva kubva pamusoro pe Didymos. Parte yechinhu ichi inoteera nzira dzinoita kuti pave nekunyorovera paDimorphos.
Kuwanikwa kwacho kunomiririra humbowo hwekutanga hwekuona humbowo hwekutakura zvinhu munguva pfupi yapfuura mumabhinari masisitimu. Modelos computational tsigiro kuumbwa kwemaitiro aya nekudhumhana kwakaderera.
Zvinorehwa nemabhinari asteroid masisitimu
Masisitimu akaita seDidymos-Dimorphos anoumba chikamu chegumi neshanu kubva muzana cheasteroids pedyo neTerra. Kuenderera mberi kwekuchinjana kwezvinhu kunokanganisa shanduko yepasi pamusoro pemamiriyoni emakore. Esses maitirwo ekugadzirisa maumbirwo nemaumbirwo emiviri.
Kuzivikanwa kwemadhipoziti muDimorphos kunoratidza simba guru mumasisitimu aya kupfuura zvaifungidzirwa kare. Estudos mamodheru emangwana anogona kunatsa kuumbwa nemaitiro ekutenderera.
Kufambira mberi mukudzivirira kwepasi
Basa reDART rakaedza nzira yekutsausa asteroids kuburikidza nekinetic impact. Iyo ejection yakaonekwa panguva yekudhumhana yakawedzera kunzwisisa kweiyo kukurumidza kuwedzera chinhu. Esses data inobatsira kunatsurudza nzira dzekurwisa zvinogona kutyisidzira.
Tsvagiridzo yekuwedzera inosanganisira zvinocherechedzwa kuti zvivandudze maitiro ekufananidza. Iyo tekinoroji inoratidza hunoshanda hunoshanda mukuchinja trajectories.
Ruzivo rwehunyanzvi rwemifananidzo yakagadziriswa
Kugadzirisa kwaisanganisira albedo kururamisa kuratidza zvisizvo zvakasiyana-siyana pamusoro. Mitsetse inoratidzika semafanisi efani anopindirana nemararamiro ezvimedu zvakabviswa. Análises yakarambidza zvigadzirwa zvekamera kana mwenje usina kuenzana.
Mhinduro dzakaburitswa mu The Planetary Science Journal. Chikwata chakasimbisa kukosha kwemifananidzo yakasarudzika kuti ione zviitiko zvakasiyana.
Kuenzanisa neDART kukanganisa ejection
Kukanganisa kwekuferefeta kwakagadzira kubuda kukuru kwemarara nekumhanya kukuru. Kusiyana neizvi, kuchinjana kwechisikigo kunoitika pamwero unononoka zvikuru. Iwo mamakisi ari mu Dimorphos anobva pane zvishoma nezvishoma maitiro uye kwete kubva muchiitiko cha2022.
Zvimwe zvakaonekwa neteresikopu zvakaita se Hubble zvakaronda matombo akaburitswa nekumhanya kunoita 1 km/h. Esses data inosimbisa mutsauko pakati pechisikigo nemaitiro ekugadzira.
