Iphrojekthi yemikhumbi-mkhathi engu-58km ihlela ukuthutha abantu abangu-2,400 ohlelweni lwe-Proxima Centauri b

Ubunjiniyela be-Aerospace buthuthuka ngokuthuthukiswa kwemiqondo enemininingwane yemishini eqhutshwa abantu yesikhathi eside ngaphandle kwe-Sistema Solar. Iphrojekthi yezokwakha nesayensi yomkhumbi-mkhathi Chrysalis, owine indawo yokuqala emqhudelwaneni we-Project Hyperion obuhlelwe yi-Initiative yesakhiwo sakhelwe ukuhlalisa abantu abangafika kwabangu-2,400 endaweni yokuwela okufanele ihlale iminyaka engamakhulu amane ohlelweni lwe-Alpha Centauri.

Inhloso enkulu yale mishini ukufinyelela i-exoplanet Proxima Centauri b, indikimba yasezulwini enamatshe etholakala endaweni okuhlalwa kuyo yenkanyezi ephethe. Uhambo lucatshangelwa njengohambo olungabuyeli emuva, oluhlelwe ngendlela yomkhumbi wezizukulwane.

Kule fomethi yokusebenza, amalungu eqembu lokuqala awafinyeleli lapho aya khona ekugcineni, futhi ukwenziwa kwamakoloni komhlaba omusha kuwumthwalo wemfanelo wezizukulwane zabo eziqondile, ezizalwa futhi ezithola ukuqeqeshwa phakathi nohambo lwasemkhathini.

Ukusebenza komkhumbi we-interstellar kuncike ekuhlanganisweni kobuchwepheshe obuthile obuthuthukile:

– Propulsão okusekelwe kumareactor e-nuclear fusion kusetshenziswa i-deuterium ne-helium-3.

– Sistemas ukuzungezisa okuqhubekayo kokukhiqiza amandla adonsela phansi okwenziwa.

– Blindagem ngezendlalelo eziningi ngokumelene nemisebe ye-cosmic kanye nemithelela ye-micrometeoroid.

– Capacidade yokukhiqiza okuzimele kokulungiswa kwesakhiwo phakathi namakhulu eminyaka.

I-architecture ye-modular kanye nesistimu ye-gravity

Idizayini yomkhumbi isebenzisa ukucushwa kwe-cylindrical okwakhiwe amamojula amaningi agxilile asebenza ngokuncikene. Cada ungqimba lwesakhiwo esiyisilinda sinomsebenzi othile wobunjiniyela, ohlukanisa izindawo zokuhlala zangaphakathi ezindaweni ezinemisebe ephezulu kanye nezinhlelo zokuhambisa. Esta disposição arquitetônica foi calculada para distribuir as tensões mecânicas de forma uniforme durante as fases criticas de aceleração inicial e desaceleração final, além de facilitar o acesso de maquinário auttennomos auttennomos ne-maquinário auttennomo auttennomo i-tripulação ao vácuo do espaço.

Ukunciphisa imiphumela eyingozi ye-microgravity emzimbeni womuntu phakathi namashumi eminyaka, amamojula wezindlu zangaphakathi agcina ukunyakaza okujikelezayo okungaguquki. Amandla asecentrifugal akhiqizwa yilo mnyakazo adala amandla adonsela phansi okwenziwa alingana no-0.1 g, anele ukuze alondoloze ukuminyana kwamathambo nemisipha yabantu abangaphakathi, ngaphezu kokuvumela ukusebenza kahle koketshezi kanye nezinhlelo zezolimo. Isamba sesisindo semoto silinganiselwa ku-2.4 billion metric tons, okudinga ukuthi ukuhlanganiswa kwenzeke ngqo eMhlabeni noma emzileni wenyanga, kusetshenziswa izinsiza ezikhishwe kuma-asteroids noma ku-Lua uqobo.

I-internal ecosystem dynamics

Ingaphakathi lesilinda lezindlu lisebenza njenge-biosphere evaliwe, ezimele eklanyelwe ukuphindaphinda izimo zemvelo zasemhlabeni. Zonas Imisebenzi yezolimo ebanzi isebenza ngokubambisana namahlathi okwenziwa kanye nemizimba yamanzi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukugaywa kabusha komoyampilo okuqhubekayo kanye nokuhlanzwa kwamanzi.

Ukukhiqizwa kokudla kusekelwe ekulimeni kwe-hydroponic ephezulu kakhulu kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwamaprotheni, okuqeda isidingo sokugcwaliswa kwangaphandle. Ukulawulwa kwesimo sezulu kulawulwa amasistimu azenzakalelayo alingisa izinkathi zonyaka nemijikelezo yansuku zonke ukuze kugcinwe ibhalansi yengqondo nebhayoloji yabantu.

Ukuhlelwa kwedolobha lomkhumbi kusabalalisa izakhamuzi eziyi-2,400 emikhakheni yokuhlala ehlanganiswe nezikhungo zocwaningo, izibhedlela nezindawo zokungcebeleka. Ingqalasizinda ihlose ukugwema umuzwa wokuvalelwa, ukunikeza izindawo zokuhlala ezanele ezikhuthaza ukuxhumana nomphakathi nempilo yengqondo phakathi namakhulu eminyaka edlule.

Izici ze-exoplanet eqondiwe

I-Proxima Centauri b izungeza inkanyezi encane ebomvu Proxima Centauri, etholakala ebangeni leminyaka engu-4.24 yokukhanya ukusuka emhlabeni wethu. Ukusondelana kwezinkanyezi kwenza lesi sigungu esisemkhathini kube okuqondiwe okunengqondo emzamweni wokuqala wokunwetshwa kwezinkanyezi zomuntu.

Idatha ye-Astrophysical ibonisa ukuthi iplanethi inobukhulu obukhudlwana nobukhulu kuno-Terra, iyibeka kusigaba somhlaba onamatshe amakhulu. I-Sua orbit yenzeka endaweni okuhlalwa kuyo, indawo lapho izinga lokushisa livumela ukugcinwa kwamanzi awuketshezi ngaphezulu.

Unyaka ku-exoplanet uthatha izinsuku eziyi-11 kuphela zomhlaba, ngenxa yebanga elifushane ukusuka kunkanyezi yayo ephethe. Ukusondela kwe-Esta kwe-orbital kubangela ukuhlangana kwamagagasi, lapho i-hemisphere eyodwa yeplanethi ibheke inkanyezi unomphela, kuyilapho enye ihlala isebumnyameni obungapheli.

Indawo yoguquko phakathi kohlangothi olukhanyayo kanye nohlangothi olumnyama ithathwa njengendawo efaneleke kakhulu yokusungulwa kwekoloni. Amakholoni kuzodingeka athuthukise ingqalasizinda ekwazi ukumelana nemisebe eshubile yezinkanyezi kanye nokwehluka okushisayo okudlulele kwemvelo yangaphandle.

Izithiyo zobunjiniyela be-Propulsion

Ukuba nokwenzeka kohambo lweminyaka engama-400 kuncike ekusebenzeni okungaphazamiseki kwezinjini zokuhlanganisa izikhali zenuzi. Isistimu idinga ukukhiqiza ukugxila okungaguquki phakathi nonyaka wokuqala wohambo ukuze ifinyelele ingxenye ebalulekile yejubane lokukhanya, ingene kumodi ye-cruise amashumi eminyaka alandelayo.

Isitoreji esiphephile sikaphethiloli, esakhiwe i-deuterium ne-helium-3, sidinga ukubamba kukazibuthe okunembe kakhulu ukuvimbela ukuvuza noma ukuwohloka. Isigaba sokuhlehlisa, esihlelelwe unyaka wokugcina wohambo, sidinga ukwethembeka okufanayo kwemishini, ngaphandle kwalokho umkhumbi usengozini yokudlula isistimu yenkanyezi eqondiwe ngaphandle kokukwazi ukungena emzileni.

Ukuhleleka kwabantu kanye nokubusa

Ukugcina isibalo esizinzile sabantu abangu-2,400 kudinga ukulawulwa okuqinile kwabantu ukuze kugwenywe ukuminyana kanye nokuncipha kwezinsiza ezibalulekile. Imodeli yezenhlalakahle ehlongozwayo ithatha indawo yezakhiwo zomndeni zendabuko ngamanethiwekhi okubambisana avundlile, lapho imfundo nokunakekelwa kwezizukulwane ezintsha kuyizibopho ezihlangene.

Izinhlelo zobuhlakani bokwenziwa zisebenza njengezinqolobane zolwazi lomuntu futhi zisiza ekuphathweni komkhumbi. Ama-algorithms we-Estes aqapha ukusetshenziswa kwamandla, impilo yofuzo yabasebenzi kanye nokulamula izinqubo zokuthatha izinqumo, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi inhloso yasekuqaleni yemishini ayilahleki ngokulandelana kwezizukulwane.

Izindlela zokuvikela ezinsongweni zasemkhathini

I-interstellar medium, nakuba icishe ibe yi-vacuum, iveza ubungozi obukhulu esakhiweni esihamba ngesivinini esikhulu. Uthuli lwe-cosmic kanye nama-micrometeoroids angabangela umonakalo omkhulu lapho eshayisana nomkhumbi womkhumbi. Ukuze kuncishiswe lolu songo, ukwakheka okungaphambili komkhumbi kuhlanganisa isihlangu esiphambukisayo esiwugqinsi esakhiwe ngezinto eziyinhlanganisela ezixinene kakhulu nezizibuthe ezisebenzayo eziphambukisa izinhlayiya ezishajiwe. I-Atrás yalesi sihlangu esiyinhloko, izimboni ezizenzakalelayo zisebenza ngokuqhubekayo, zisebenzisa amaphrinta ezimboni ze-3D ukukhiqiza izingxenye ezishintshayo nokulungisa ama-microcracks ku-fuselage yangaphandle. Ukungadingeki kwezinhlelo zokusekela ukuphila kuqinisekisa ukuthi, uma kwenzeka ukubhobozwa komunye wemikhakha, iminyango yokuhlukanisa i-hermetic ivuliwe ngokushesha, igcina umoya wezindawo eziseduze futhi ivikela ubuqotho babantu abahlala khona.

Imininingwane yephrojekthi ephumelelayo

Isiphakamiso seqembu lase-Italy kokuthi Project Hyperion sigqame ekuhlanganiseni kwaso okungokoqobo phakathi kwezidingo zebhayoloji yomuntu kanye nemikhawulo ye-application physics. Umqondo wedlula ezinye izethulo ngokwethula ishejuli yokwakhiwa kwe-orbital esebenzayo kanye nohlelo oluningiliziwe lokufika kokugcina, oluzosebenzisa amamojula asizayo ukuze kuthuthwe inzalo yezisebenzi zangempela ebusweni bomhlaba omusha.