Ucwaningo lukhombisa ukushesha kokuguga emadodeni ngenxa ye-PFAS

Ucwaningo olusha olusanda kushicilelwa luveza ukuthi amakhemikhali aziwa ngokuthi i-PFAS ahlotshaniswa nokuguga okusheshayo emadodeni aneminyaka ephakathi. Izinhlanganisela, ezitholakala emikhiqizweni eminingana yansuku zonke, zithinta kakhulu abantu abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-50 nengama-65 ubudala, zisheshisa izimpawu zeminyaka yobudala bebhayoloji.

Abacwaningi bahlaziye idatha evela kumasampula egazi evela kubahlanganyeli kuhlolo lwezempilo lukazwelonke. I-Eles ihlonze ukuthi amazinga aphezulu e-PFAS afana ne-PFNA ne-PFOSA ahambisana nokuthuthuka kokuguga kwe-epigenetic, inkomba ebonisa ubudala bebhayoloji ngaphezu kweminyaka yobudala bokulandelana kwezikhathi.

Umehluko phakathi kobulili uphawulekile emiphumeleni yokuhlaziya. Enquanto amadoda abonisa ukuhlangana okuqinile, abesifazane babonisa imiphumela emincane, okungenzeka ngenxa yezinqubo zemvelo zokuqeda izinhlanganisela.

Ukuchayeka ku-PFAS kanye nomthelela wayo

Ukuchayeka ku-PFAS kwenzeka ngamanzi angcolile, ukudla okupakishiwe, nemikhiqizo engazweli amabala. Esses izinhlanganisela zinqwabelana emzimbeni ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, zimelana nokubola kwemvelo futhi ziphikelele endaweni ezungezile iminyaka.

Ucwaningo lwangaphambilini seluvele luxhume i-PFAS ezinkingeni ezinjengokushintsha kwamahomoni kanye nokwanda kwezingozi zezifo ezithile. Agora, ucwaningo lwakamuva luqinisekisa ukuthi ukuguga okusheshisiwe kugqama kakhulu emadodeni akule qembu leminyaka ethile.

Izinqubo zebhayoloji ezihilelekile

Ukuguga kwe-Epigenetic kukalwa ngamawashi ebhayoloji ahlola izinguquko ku-DNA. Nos amadoda ahlaziywe, amazinga aphezulu e-PFAS ashintsha lezi zomaka, akhuthaze ukuguga okusheshayo ezicutshini ezifana negazi nezinye izitho.

Izici ze-hormonal zibonakala zinomthelela kulokhu sengozini yabesilisa. Ukwehliswa kwe-testosterone, okuthonywa yizinhlanganisela, kwenza inqubo ibe nzima, kuyilapho abesifazane besusa i-PFAS ngokuphumelelayo ngemizila efana nokuya esikhathini nokukhulelwa.

Abacwaningi baqaphele ukuthi ngemva kweminyaka engu-65, izinhlangano ziyehla kubo bobabili ubulili. I-Isso iphakamisa iwindi elibalulekile ku-midlife lapho ukungenelela okuvimbelayo kunganciphisa imiphumela.

Imithombo evamile yokungcola

I-PFAS isetshenziswe ku-cookware engagxili, emaphaketheni okudla okusheshayo nezindwangu ezingangeni manzi kusukela ngeminyaka yawo-1950s.

Amanzi okuphuza avela emithonjeni yomphakathi angase abe nensalela yala makhemikhali, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zezimboni. Alimentos Ukudla okugayiwe kanye nenyama nakho kumunca i-PFAS emvelweni, okwandisa ukuchayeka kwansuku zonke.

Imithetho yakamuva emazweni amaningana ihlose ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwalezi zinhlanganisela emikhiqizweni yabathengi. Nokho, izinsalela eziphikelelayo emhlabathini nasemanzini ziyaqhubeka nokuba yingozi empilweni yomphakathi.

Izihlungi zamanzi eziqinisekisiwe kanye nokukhetha komkhiqizo oqaphelayo kusiza ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi. Autoridades Izikhulu zezempilo zincoma ukuqapha njalo ezifundeni ezithintekile ukuze kuvikelwe abantu abasengozini.

Umehluko wobulili ekuqongeleleni

Abesifazane bavame ukukhipha i-PFAS ngokushesha ngenxa yemijikelezo yokuzala, echaza izinhlangano ezibuthaka ezifundweni. Após ukuya esikhathini, ukuhluka kobulili kuyehla, kodwa umthelela emadodeni uhlala ubalulekile phakathi neminyaka ephakathi.

Idatha ye-Epidemiological ibonisa ukuthi amadoda aqongelela ukugxila okuphezulu egazini. Essa ukungafani kungase kuxhunywe emikhubeni yokusebenza noma ukuchayeka okuhlukile kwezemvelo.

Izincomo zokunciphisa ubungozi

Ochwepheshe basikisela ukuthi ugweme imikhiqizo enezimbotshana ezimelana nowoyela namanzi noma nini lapho kungenzeka. Utilizar Izihlungi zamanzi ezithuthukisiwe zisusa ingxenye yokungcola, zithuthukise izinga lokudla kwansuku zonke.

Ukuqapha izinga lamanzi endawo ngemibiko esemthethweni kuyisinyathelo esisebenzayo. Além Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukukhetha ukudla okuphilayo kanye nokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamapulasitiki emaphaketheni kunomthelela ekuchayekeni okunqwabelene kancane.

Ucwaningo lugcizelela ukubaluleka kwezinqubomgomo zomphakathi zokulawula ukukhishwa kwe-PFAS emvelweni. I-Empresas isivele isebenzisa ezinye izindlela eziphephile emikhiqizweni emisha, isabela ezidingweni zokulawula.

Ukuhlolwa kwaselabhorethri kwamazinga egazi e-PFAS kuyatholakala kwezinye izikhungo zezokwelapha. Esses izivivinyo zisiza abantu ukuthi bahlole ukuchayeka kwabo futhi basebenzise amasu aqondene nawe.

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Imithelela empilweni yomphakathi

Ukuhlangana phakathi kwe-PFAS nokuguga okusheshayo kwengeza ohlwini lokukhathazeka ngalawa makhemikhali, okuhlanganisa izixhumanisi zomdlavuza kanye nezinkinga ze-endocrine. Autoridades Izinhlangano zomhlaba wonke ziqinisa imizamo yokubeka imephu izindawo ezingcole kakhulu futhi zisebenzise ukulungisa.

Izifundo ze-longitudinal ziyaqhubeka nokuqapha abantu abaveziwe ukuze baqonde imiphumela yesikhathi eside. I-Dados yezinhlolovo zikazwelonke, njenge-NHANES, ihlinzeka ngesisekelo sokuhlaziywa okunemininingwane yemithelela yabantu.

Umehluko weminyaka nobulili ogqanyisiwe kumhlahlandlela wocwaningo emikhankasweni yokuvimbela eqondiswe kubo. Homens Abantu abaneminyaka ephakathi emisebenzini yezimboni bathola ukunakwa okukhethekile ezinhlelweni zezempilo zasemsebenzini.

Ukuhlaziywa kwedatha kanye nezindlela

Ucwaningo lusebenzise amasampula avela kubahlanganyeli abangama-326 abakhethwe ngokungahleliwe kusizindalwazi sikazwelonke. I-Análises yegazi ilinganise izinhlanganisela ze-PFAS ezingu-11 futhi yahlolwa i-DNA methylome ukuze kubalwe iminyaka ye-epigenetic.

Kusetshenziswe amawashi ahlukene ayishumi nambili ukuze kuqinisekiswe imiphumela. I-Essa indlela enezimo eziningi yaqinisekisa ukuqina eziphethweni mayelana nokuguga okusheshisiwe.

Imiphumela yezibalo ikhombise ukubaluleka ikakhulukazi emadodeni aneminyaka engama-50 kuya kwengama-65. Associações izingane kwamanye amaqembu eminyaka yobudala ziqinisa ukucaciswa komthelela kulobu bubanzi.

Amasu okuvimbela nsuku zonke

• Khetha i-cookware ngaphandle kwezingubo ze-PFAS zokupheka okuphephile. I-Opte yezinto ezifana ne-ceramic noma i-cast iron engakhiphi amakhemikhali anobuthi.
• Hlola amalebula emikhiqizweni yokuhlanza nezindwangu ukuze ugweme izinhlanganisela ezingazweli. Substitua yezinketho zemvelo ezinciphisa ukuchayeka kwemvelo.
• Faka izihlungi kompompi ukuze uhlanze amanzi asetshenziswa nsuku zonke. Izitifiketi ze-Modelos ziyisusa ngempumelelo i-PFAS, ivikela impilo yomndeni.
• Yidla ukudla okusha kunokudla okugayiwe. Ushintsho lwe-Essa lwehlisa ukutholwa kokungcola okumuncwa ukupakishwa.

Intuthuko emithethweni yomhlaba wonke

Amazwe afana ne-Estados Unidos namalungu e-União Europeia abeka imikhawulo eqinile ekusetshenzisweni kwe-PFAS ezimbonini. Izinyathelo ze-Essas zihlose ukunciphisa ukungcoliswa kwesikhathi esizayo nokuvikela imvelo yasemanzini.

Izinhlangano zamazwe ngamazwe zibambisana ocwaningweni ukuze zenze izindlela zokubola lezi zinhlanganisela. Tecnologias Izimakethe ezisafufusa zithembisa izixazululo zokulungisa umhlabathi ongcolile namanzi.

Izinkampani zamakhemikhali zitshala imali kwezinye izindlela ezisimeme zokuthatha indawo ye-PFAS emikhiqizweni. Transições izigaba zinciphisa umthelela wezomnotho kuyilapho zibeka phambili impilo yomphakathi.

Imininingwane yemiphumela ye-hormonal

I-PFAS iphazamisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-testosterone, okuthinta ubungqabavu besilisa futhi kube nomthelela ekugugeni okusheshayo. I-Estudos ihlanganisa lokhu kuphazamiseka nokwehla kwekhwalithi yesidoda kanye nezingozi ezikhulayo ze-oncological ezithweni zokuzala.

Kwabesifazane, imiphumela ye-hormonal incishiswa yizinqubo zemvelo zokuxoshwa. Nokho, ngemva kokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini, ubungozi obufanayo buvela, obudinga ukuqapha okuqhubekayo.

Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi ukuchayeka okungamahlalakhona okuvela entsheni kuqongelela umonakalo phakathi namashumi eminyaka. I-Intervenções ingavimbela ukuguga okuphezulu eminyakeni yobudala ephakathi.

Idatha evela kumaqoqo amade iqinisa ukuthi ukuncipha kokuchayeka kuholela ekuthuthukisweni okulinganisekayo kumaka webhayoloji. I-Estratégias yokuqeda ubuthi endaweni ezungezile izuza ukuhambisana nezimo zasemadolobheni.

Imibono yocwaningo lwesikhathi esizayo

Ucwaningo olwengeziwe luhlela ukwandisa amasampula ukuze afake abantu abahlukahlukene futhi ahlole ukungenelela. Análises izakhi zofuzo zingakwazi ukukhomba izici ezithintekayo ku-PFAS.

Ukusebenzisana kwamazwe ngamazwe kusiza ukwabelana ngedatha kumaphethini okuchayeka emhlabeni jikelele. Imizamo ye-Esses ihlose ukwenza ngcono amamodeli engcuphe futhi iqondise izinqubomgomo zokuvikela ezisebenzayo.

Okuqanjwe kabusha kuma-biomarker kuthembisa ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kokuguga okusheshisiwe. Aplicações imitholampilo ingahlanganisa lokhu kuhlola ekuhloleni okuvamile kwabesilisa abaneminyaka ephakathi.