NASA inozivisa 30 bhiriyoni chirongwa chekusingaperi lunar base panosvika 2036

Nasa inotarisira kutanga nheyo yemwedzi ine kuvapo kwevanhu zvachose kuSouth pole panosvika 2036. Mutariri wesangano rechadenga, Jared Isaacman, akapa neChipiri chirongwa chinofanoona mari yemabhiriyoni makumi matatu emadhora uye akawanda ekutanga kuLua mumakore gumi anotevera. Danho iri rinonyatso kudzima Gateway lunar orbital station, yakataurwa makore apfuura, uye inotarisisa kuedza kwekuvaka kwakananga pamusoro.

Isaacman akasimbisa kuti chiri kutariswa pari zvino kuramba chiri pa Lua, pane kungoshanya nekukurumidza sezviri muchirongwa che Apollo. Iyo agency ichaisa pamberi pekuvandudzwa kwechigadziko uye kutevedzera muenzaniso wekuyedzwa kwakazara isati yatumira vashandi. Além Pamusoro pezvo, Nasa ichaderedza rutsigiro rweEstação Espacial Internacional kukurudzira chiteshi chekutengesa chinofambiswa nemakambani akazvimirira.

Tarisa pane mwedzi wekumaodzanyemba pole uye zviwanikwa

Rukuvhute rwekumaodzanyemba rwakasarudzwa nekuti runogara aizi nezvimwe zvinhu zvakakosha mumakoronga ane mumvuri zvachose. Esses zviwanikwa zvinogona kushandiswa kugadzira mvura, okisijeni uye inosimudzira. Nheyo yacho ichada kushanda munguva yakareba yemumvuri inogara kwemwedzi uye kudzivirira kushandiswa chete kwesimba rezuva.

Midziyo yemagetsi yakavakirwa paradioactive isotopes inozodiwa kubva pakutanga. Mune ramangwana, reactor yenyukireya inofanira kupa magetsi akagadzikana ekugara, rovers uye masisitimu ekutaurirana. Especialistas inoratidza kuti kutorwa kwesimba renyukireya kunovhura nzira yemabasa anoitwa nevanhu kupinda musolar system.

Shanduko kuchirongwa che Artemis uye karenda yakamhanyisa

Basa rinotevera re Artemis II rakarongerwa Kubvumbi 1, apo vazivi vemuchadenga vachabhururuka vachitenderera Lua kuyedza Space Launch System roketi neOrion capsule. Muna 2027, Artemis III ichashandiswa zvakare kuyedza kumisikidzwa kweOrion nemotokari dzinomhara dzemwedzi dzakagadzirwa neSpaceX uye Blue Origin muEarth orbit.

Artemis IV, yakarongerwa 2028, inotarisirwa kudzorera vanhu kumwedzi kekutanga mumakore anopfuura makumi mashanu. Depois Pamusoro pezvo, Nasa inoronga kumhara kwemwedzi mitanhatu yega yega kuwedzera hwaro. Chikamu chekutanga chinosanganisira zvingangoita gumi nemaviri kutanga kusvika 2028, ine dzimba, simba uye kutaurirana modules.

Zvinetso zvehunyanzvi uye kudyidzana kwekutengeserana

Chipingamupinyi chikuru chakaonekwa ndechekuchengetedza yakakwira cadence yekumhara kumwedzi, kusanganisira kazhinji marobhoti mishoni. Veículos vaongorori, zvidhori uye zvikamu zvezvivakwa zvichatumirwa mumatanho anofambira mberi. Kusavimbika pamusoro pemaroketi mushure mekutanga mishoni kunodawo kuronga, neSpaceX’s Starship imwe yenzira dzinotungamira dzekudzikisa huwandu hwe-in-orbit refuelings.

Makambani akazvimirira achatora basa repakati mukuvaka uye masisitimu anoshanda. Nasa inosimbisa kuti bvunzo dzepasi uye muEarth orbit dzichatungamira chero kutumira kwevachadenga kuti vaone kuchengeteka. Representantes yesangano inoti chirongwa ichi chinoenderana nekuenderera mberi kwemari kubva kuCongresso.

Kuenzanisa nezvirongwa zvepasi rose

China inoronga kutumira vanoongorora muchadenga kuLua panosvika 2030 uye yakanangana neSouth Pole. Isaacman yakataura nezve mukana wekuti Estados Unidos itange kudzoka, nemusiyano wemwedzi pane makore. Chirongwa cheAmerica chinoda kuchengetedza hutungamiriri mukuongorora kwemwedzi kuburikidza nekudyidzana kwekutengeserana uye tekinoroji yenyukireya.

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Vanamazvikokota munharaunda yesainzi vanosimbisa kuti kushandiswa kwemagetsi enyukireya kunogona kushandura misheni yeramangwana kuita Marte nekupfuura. Iyo lunar base ichashanda serabhoritari yekuyedza tekinoroji yekupona munzvimbo dzine hutsinye.

Tsanangudzo pamusoro pezvivakwa uye simba renyukireya

Chiteshi chemwedzi chinoda magetsi akavimbika kuti ararame husiku hurefu hwemwedzi. Yekutanga Módulos ichasanganisira anopindirana solar panel uye isotope jenareta. Nekufamba kwenguva, kuiswa kwechinhu chidiki chenyukireya chinomiririra kufambira mberi kwakakosha mukuenderera mberi kwekushanda.

Rovers uye marobhoti ekuvaka anogadzirira nzvimbo dzekumhara uye kufambisa lunar regolith. Comunicações zvinogara uye masisitimu ekutsigira hupenyu zvichaiswa zvishoma nezvishoma kutsigira vashandi vanotenderera.

Matanho anotevera uye system yekuongorora

Iyo agency ichaitisa akawanda marobhoti kuvhurwa pamberi pemamwe mamishini evashandi. Cada kumhara ichapa data nezvemamiriro evhu, radiation uye zviwanikwa zvemuno. Chinangwa ndechekuvaka zvivakwa zvinobvumira kugara kwenguva refu kuSouth Pole.

Docking bvunzo uye mashandiro muEarth orbit muna 2027 ichasimbisa mota dzekumhara vanhu vasati vadzokera pamusoro. Nasa inoramba yakazvipira kuita kanenge kamwe mission yemwedzi pagore mushure megore ra2028.

Lunar base uye inoenderera mberi kuongorora

Urongwa uhwu hunoronga matanho matatu makuru ekuvaka, nekuendeswa kwenzvimbo dzekugara, masisitimu emagetsi uye mota dzekuongorora. Kuvepo kwechigarire kune chinangwa chekuburitsa nekushandisa zviwanikwa pasaiti, kuderedza kutsamira pane zvekushandisa kubva kuTerra.

Isaacman akasimbisa kuti Estados Unidos haizokanda mapfumo pasi pa Lua zvakare. Kudyara kwemabhiriyoni makumi matatu emadhora mukati memakore gumi kunoda kubatanidza hunyanzvi hwekugara uye huvepo hwesainzi.